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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 2, NUMBER 5, MAY 1989

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
SPECIAL ISSUE--ANTARCTIC

Ambio (XVIII(1), 1989) contains a series of articles that compares the Arctic and Antarctic and points out their importance in a global context. In addition to the following three articles, others cover the politics of science, environmental impact assessment and future challenges of the Antarctic. This issue also includes the regular news page for IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphere Program), which discusses the properties of polar regions that are key global processes: biogenic trace gas emissions, solar reflectivity, thermal regulation and ice formation. Also discusses these indicators of global change: ozone concentrations, ice cores, polar ice levels and polar regional temperatures.

Item #d89may31

"Antarctic Submicron Aerosols and Long-Range Transport of Pollutants," T. Ito (Observ. Dept., Japan Meteor. Agency, 1-3-4, Ohte-machi, Chiyoda, Tokyo 100, Japan), 34-41.

Summarizes findings on the behavior of the two types of submicron aerosols observed in the Antarctic troposphere. During the cold months, maritime air brings sea-salt particles and ammonium sulfate particles that dominate the aerosol. During the warm months, sulfuric acid aerosols formed by photochemical oxidation of sulfur-bearing gases in the sunlit troposphere over Antarctica dominate. Most Antarctic submicron particles are of tropospheric, not stratospheric or anthropogenic origin.

Item #d89may32

"Atmospheric and Climatic Change in the Arctic and Antarctic," J.B. Maxwell (Atmos. Environ. Svc., 4905 Dufferin St., Downsview, Ont. M3H 5T4, Can.), L.A. Barrie, 42-49.

Discusses the global and regional impacts on the polar regions from the greenhouse effect, solar variations and stratospheric aerosols. Includes physical and biological changes and changes in socioeconomic activities. Expects significant changes in sea-ice extent and thickness, in land-ice mass and in the permafrost regime. Gradual adjustment of vegetation and wildlife patterns will take place. Suggests that present policies and methodologies will need to be reassessed as a result.

Item #d89may33

"Arctic Haze: Air Pollution in Polar Regions," J. Heintzenberg (Dept. Meteor., Univ. Stockholm, Arrhenius Lab., S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden), 50-55.

Reviews the problem of Arctic haze. Presents horizontal, vertical and seasonal distributions of particulate matter as well as a comparison of physical and chemical properties of the haze particles to those of continental aerosols. Reviews evidence that relates Arctic haze to mid-latitude anthropogenic sources and discusses unresolved issues of possible trends in Arctic air pollution.