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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 3, NUMBER 4, APRIL 1990

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
GENERAL INTEREST AND POLICY

Item #d90apr1

"Anthropogenic Climate Change and a New Paradigm of Natural Resource Planning," W.E. Riebsame (Inst. Behav. Sci., Campus Box 482, Boulder CO 80309), Profess. Geog., 42(1), 1-12, 1990.

Calls for resource planning that will mitigate the causes and impacts of anthropogenic climate change despite the uncertainty over its timing and magnitude. This planning should include expanded sensitivity analysis, incremental response as the threat evolves, an expanded range of adjustments, and planning in a global context. Suggests geographers and other researchers should link local and national resource activities to the global scale.

Item #d90apr2

"Earth Radiation Budget Experiment--Preliminary Seasonal Results," B.R. Barkstrom (Atmos. Sci. Div., NASA Langley Res. Ctr., Hampton VA), E.F. Harrison, R.B. Lee III, Eos, pp. 297, 304-305, Feb. 27, 1990.

The Earth Radiation Budget Experiment Science Team has validated an initial sampling of data collected over the last four years by three satellites: the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS), NOAA-9 and NOAA-10. Reports on the data being placed in the archive at the National Space Science Data Center that will be available to the scientific community, and gives information for potential users.

Item #d90apr3

"Fifty Million Years Ago," B. McGowran (Dept. Geol., Univ. Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A. 5001, Australia), Amer. Sci., 78(1), 30-39, Jan./Feb. 1990.

Discusses the parallel patterns of paleobiological and geological data that suggest the causes of global change during the Eocene epoch, finding little correlation between change in sea level and change in climate. Warns that several scenarios for the transition from the greenhouse world of 100 million years ago to today demonstrate that simple extrapolation of processes and causes from the Eocene epoch cannot be used to explain climate change today.

Item #d90apr4

"Potential Effects of Climate Change on Stand Development in the Pacific Northwest," V.H. Dale (Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., POB 2008, Oak Ridge TN 37831), J.F. Franklin, Can. J. For. Res., 19(12), 1581-1590, Dec. 1989.

Uses long-term climate and stand structure records and projections from a simulation model to explore future changes in the forest. The global warming scenario predicts biomass stability, suggesting the Pacific Northwest would continue to store large amounts of carbon in the living trees even with climatic warming. However, changes in precipitation patterns or in disturbance frequency or intensity that might occur with climatic warming could alter these predictions.

Item #d90apr5

"Environmental Effects of Nuclear War," L. Appleby (Dept. Chem., Univ. Essex, Colchester C04 3SQ, UK), R.M. Harrison, Chem. in Britain, 1223-1226, Dec. 1989.

Recent calculations and measurements have shown that the major conclusions of the initial SCOPE--ENUWAR (Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment--Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War) report remain valid. The indirect effects on populations of a large- scale nuclear war, particularly the climate effects caused by smoke, could be worse than the direct effects, for noncombatant and combatant countries alike. Indirect effects may put three-quarters of the world's population at risk.

Item #d90apr6

"Nuclear Winter: Potential Biospheric Impacts in Britain," N. Myers (Upper Meadow, Old Rd., Oxford 0X3 8SZ, UK), Ambio, XVIII(8), 449-453, 1989.

Examines the impacts of nuclear exchange on ecosystems of Britain with special emphasis on agriculture. Discusses three climatic phases of nuclear winter and resultant effects: (1) early or acute phase lasting from a few days to a few months; (2) intermediate phase, lasting for a year; and (3) extended or chronic stage, lasting into the second year. Suggests many outcomes, but emphasizes that food supplies could essentially be eliminated for many people in many places.

Item #d90apr7

"The Amazonian Forests and Climatic Stability," L.C.B. Molion (Inst. Space Stud. (INPE), C.P. 515, 12.201 Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil), Ecologist, 19(6), 211-213, Nov./Dec. 1989.

Part of a special Ecologist issue on the Amazon, this article explains how the destruction of the Amazon rainforest threatens the stability of the regional and global climatic mechanisms. Globally, deforestation could reduce the transfer of heat from the tropics to temperate zones and greatly exacerbate the greenhouse effect. Regionally, hydrological cycles would be severely disrupted.

Item #d90apr8

"Future Global Warming and Ozone Perturbation Due to Increased N₂O," M. Tamaki (Environ. Sci. Inst. Hyogo Prefect., Kobe, Japan), T. Hiraki, T. Mizoguchi, Kogai to Taisaku, 25(8), 775-787, 1989. In Japanese.

Reviews the main anthropogenic sources of N₂O, and the physical and chemical mechanisms by which it leads to stratospheric ozone destruction. Long-term monitoring of N₂O was started only ten years ago, but limited data indicate that the annual rate of increase of N₂O concentration in the atmosphere is 0.2-0.6%.

Item #d90apr9

"Integrated Pollution Control," F.H. Irwin (The Conservation Foundation), Intl. Environ. Affairs, 1(4), 255-274, Fall 1989.

Based on a review of experience in North America and Europe, identifies five reasons for further integration of environmental laws and institutions. Attempts to clarify terms used to describe these efforts and discusses integration by management functions, substance, source and region.

Item #d90apr10

"The Greenhouse Effect--Trace Gases and Ozone Concentration--Part 2," S. Vogt (Kernforschungszent. Karlsruhe GmbH, D-7500 Karlsruhe, FRG), GIT Suppl., 4, 5-8, 10-11, 1989. In German.

Explains in detail the contributions of the different atmospheric trace gases to the greenhouse effect. Shows that the contribution of CFCs to the greenhouse effect is steadily growing. Explains the time and space behavior of the ozone hole over Antarctica.

Item #d90apr11

Kagaku (Tokyo), 59(9), 1989. In Japanese.

"Global Concentration Change of Carbon Dioxide," M. Tanaka (Fac. Sci., Tohoku Univ., Sendai, Japan 980), 566-573. Reviews the long-term change in the concentration of atmospheric CO₂ and the global C cycle, with 21 references.

"Concentration Change of Greenhouse Effect Gases and Its Cause," H. Akimoto (Nat. Inst. Environ. Stud., Tsukuba, Japan 305), 574-582. A review with 24 references.

"Estimation of Climate Change from Increasing Greenhouse Gases," T. Matsuno (Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 113), 583-592. Reviews models used to calculate climate change from the greenhouse effect of CO₂, with 20 references.

"Cycle of Carbonaceous Compounds and the Atmospheric Environment: Importance of Ocean in Change of the Earth Environment," S. Tsunogai (Fac. Fish., Hokkaido Univ., Hakodate, Japan 041), 593-601. Reviews the C cycle in the ocean and atmosphere and discusses long-term atmospheric environmental changes. Includes 16 references.

Item #d90apr12

"Decreasing Carbon Dioxide: By Rational Energy Utilization or Nuclear Power," K.H. Lesch (Inst. Geog., Westfael Wilhelms Univ., Muenster, FRG), W. Bach, Energie, 41(5), 30-34, 37-38, 40, 1989. In German. Discusses CO₂ in the atmosphere and subsequent climate changes which could be stopped by a rational use of energy.

Item #d90apr13

"Fluorinated Chlorinated Hydrocarbons: Applications, Hazardous Effects and Alternative Possibilities," J. Fricke (Phys. Inst., Univ. Wuerzburg, D-8700 Wuerzburg, FRG), Phys. Unserer Zeit, 20(3), 65-69, 1989. In German. A review with six references.

Item #d90apr14

"Anthropogenic Influence on Climate," H. Grassl (Meteor. Inst., Univ. Hamburg, D-2000 Hamburg, 13 FRG), Phys. Bl., 45(7), 199-206, 1989. In German. Reviews changes to the climate system caused by human activities including: composition of the atmosphere, greenhouse effect, radiation balance, air pollutants and O3 depletion.

Item #d90apr15

"Carbon Dioxide and Climate: Testimony of the Past," J. Jouzel, Clefs CEA, 13, 2-16, 1989. In French. Reviews trends in trace gas air pollution, records of changes in atmospheric composition in glaciers, the astronomical theory of climate and the CO₂ effect on climate.

Item #d90apr16

"Two Low-Carbon Dioxide Energy Scenarios for the Netherlands," T. Kram (Energieonderz. Cent. Nederland, Neth.), P.A. Okken, Energiespectrum, 13(3), 66-76, 1989. In Dutch. Reviews control of CO₂ pollution through the use of alternate fuels or by controlling CO₂ emissions from the use of fossil fuels. Includes 20 references.

Item #d90apr17

"Research on Alternatives to Current Chlorofluorocarbons for Protection of the Ozone Layer," M. Zhu (Qinghua Univ., Beijing, PRC), L. Huang, Ziran Zazhi, 12(7), 488-492, 537, 1989. In Chinese. Reviews the development of CFC substitutes for O3 layer-destroying CFCs.