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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 3, NUMBER 5, MAY 1990

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE

Item #d90may19

"Biological Interactions with Global Atmospheric Chemistry," T. Rosswall (Royal Swedish Acad. Sciences, Box 50005, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden), Ambio, XIX(2), 100, Apr. 1990.

Summarizes four research categories and their goals, developed in a recent IGBP workshop: (1) natural variability and anthropogenic perturbations of tropical atmospheric chemistry and biospheric interactions; (2) role of tundra and boreal regions in biosphere-atmosphere exchanges; (3) global distribution, transformations, trends and modeling; and (4) trace gas fluxes in mid-latitude ecosystems.

Item #d90may20

"Dynamical Perturbations to the Ozone Layer," M.L. Salby (Dept. Atmos. Sci., Univ. Colo., Boulder CO 80307), R.R. Garcia, Physics Today, 43(3), 38-46, Mar. 1990.

Presents an overview of dynamical disturbances, focusing on how they alter the global distribution of ozone through horizontal and vertical transport. Reviews the basic climatology of ozone. Describes the essential mechanics of planetary waves and then uses detailed transport calculations to investigate how these disturbances can influence the abundance and distribution of ozone.

Item #d90may21

"Biogeophysical Remote Sensing--A Ground Truth Data Base and Graphics System for the Northwestern Pacific Ocean," A. Harashima (Nat. Inst. Environ. Stud., Japan Environ. Agency, Tsukuba, Japan), Y. Kikuchi, Eos, p. 314, Mar. 6, 1990.

Personal computer software has been developed for searching routine station-based observations of phytoplankton pigments and other chemical components of ocean water, to systematically calibrate satellite measurements and to visualize biogeochemical processes in the ocean interior by generating 3-D perspective views of ocean parameters. Explains two basic problems of quantitative analysis and how to deal with them.

Item #d90may22

"Haze and Other Aerosol Components in Late Winter Arctic--Alaska, 1986," S.-M. Li (Atmos. Chem. Div., NCAR, Boulder CO 80307), J.W. Winchester, J. Geophys. Res., 95(D2), 1797-1810, Feb. 20, 1990.

Results from concurrent aerosol elemental measurements by proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis show three coarse and five fine aerosol components of different elemental compositions at Barrow, Alaska. Results show that certain winter meteorological conditions favor pollutant transport from lower latitudes to the Arctic. While haze is related to industrial pollutants, other nonpollution products are present in the winter Arctic and may be important constituents of haze.

Item #d90may23

"The Global Hydrologic and Energy Cycles: Suggestions for Studies in the Pre-Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Period," J.L. Kinter (Dept. Meteor., Univ. Maryland, College Park MD 20742), J. Shukla, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71(2), 181-189, Feb. 1990.

Validation of general circulation model calculations of the seasonal cycle of water and energy fluxes between atmosphere and ocean, and between atmosphere and land, may be carried out in four ways: (1) Use the existing operational analyses of atmospheric data from the National Meteorological Center and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; (2) create a set of reanalyzed data from the historical record to broaden the data base; (3) use a long integration of the most realistic, high-resolution GCM available to compare to the first two data sets; (4) repeat calculations when observations from GEWEX, TRMM and Eos missions are available.

Item #d90may24

"A Discussion on the Predictability of Global Change," D. Ye (Chinese Acad. Sci., Beijing 100864, PRC), F. Cong-bin, Clim. Change, 15(3), 483-486, Dec. 1989. Discusses a number of factors relevant to the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program goal of predicting changes in the global environment.

Item #d90may25

"Temporal Variations in Tempestite Thickness May Be Geologic Record of Atmospheric CO₂," D.S. Brandt (Dept. Geog., Eastern Michigan Univ., Ypsilanti MI 48197), R.J. Elias, Geol., 17(10), 951-952, Oct. 1989.

If tempestite thickness, storm intensity, and CO₂ are causally linked, greenhouse phases should correspond to deposits of thick tempestites (more intense storms) and icehouse phases should be characterized by comparatively thin tempestites (less intense storms). Tempestite thickness data provide a test of the greenhouse-icehouse model, and initial results suggest general agreement with the independently derived climate (CO₂) curve for the latest Precambrian through Phanerozoic.

Item #d90may26

"Infrared Radiation Fluxes in the Presence of Cirrus Clouds," Ye.M. Feygel'son (Inst. Atmos. Phys., USSR Acad. Sci.), Izvestiya, Atmos. Ocean. Phys., 24(6), 1988. (Eng. ed. pp. 430-435, Dec. 1988; publ. 1989.)

Discusses the fundamental difficulties and source error in practical calculations of integral fluxes of thermal radiation in the presence of cirrus clouds. Determines the contribution of the gas component to their emissivity, and proposes a method of correcting for reflection of undercloud thermal radiation.