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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 4, NUMBER 2, FEBRUARY 1991

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
IMPACTS OF ELEVATED CO₂

Item #d91feb26

"Growth Responses of Seven Major Co-Occurring Tree Species of the Northeastern United States to Elevated CO₂," F.A. Bazzaz (Bio. Labs., 16 Divinity Ave., Harvard Univ., Cambridge MA 02138), J.S. Coleman, S.R. Morse, Can. J. For. Res., 20(9), 1479-1484, Sep. 1990.

Seedlings and transplants grown under CO₂ levels of 400 or 700 micro l/l were harvested after 60 or 100 days. The biomass of beech, paper birch, black cherry, sugar maple and hemlock increased with elevated CO₂, but that of red maple and white pine only marginally increased. The species exhibiting the largest increase in growth were shade-tolerant; age of tree seedlings did not affect response.

Item #d91feb27

"Atmospheric CO₂ Enrichment and the Development of Frost Hardiness in Containerized Black Spruce Seed-lings," H.A. Margolis (Dept. des sci. for., Univ. Laval, Ste.-Foy, Qué. G1K 7P4, Can.), L.-P. Vézina, ibid., 1392-1398.

Seedlings were exposed to elevated CO₂ for various periods of time, fertilization conditions, and temperature levels. Controlled freezing tests conducted at -10° C were followed by electrolytic conductivity measurements. Under all experimental conditions, damage to the CO₂-enriched seedlings exceeded that of controls.

Item #d91feb28

"Effect of Nodulation, Nitrogen Fixation and CO₂ Enrichment on the Physiology, Growth and Dry Mass Allocation of Seedlings of Alnus rubra Bong.," J.A. Arnone III (Sch. Forestry, Yale Univ., 370 Prospect St., New Haven CT 06511), J.C. Gordon, New Phytol., 116(1), 55-66, Sep. 1990.

Inoculated and uNiñoculated seedlings were grown with ambient and elevated (650 micro l l-1) CO₂ levels with and without combined nitrogen supplied as NH4NO3. The observed positive feedback loop between N-fixation and photosynthesis in nodulated plants growing at elevated CO₂ may be an important way in which the potential carbon drain of N-fixation on the host plant could be compensated.

Item #d91feb29

"Sagebrush and Grasshopper Responses to Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration," R.H. Johnson (Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. S. Carolina, Columbia SC 29208), D.E. Lincoln, Oecologia, 84(1), 103-110, Aug. 1990.

Biomass of seed- and clonally-propagated plants increased with CO₂ levels; overall leaf nitrogen declined. Grasshopper feeding was highest on sagebrush grown under 270 and 650 micro l l-1 treatments compared to 350, but varied widely within treatments. Feeding is discussed in relation to leaf allelochemicals produced.

Item #d91feb30

"Leaf Appearance Rates of Two Winter Wheat Cultivars under High Carbon Dioxide Conditions," M.Y.L. Boone, R.W. Rickman, F.D. Whisler (Dept. Agron., POB 5248, Mississippi State Univ., Miss. State MS 39762), Agron. J., 82(4), 718-724, July-Aug. 1990.

The cultivars Coker 762 and Stacy when grown under elevated CO₂ and various temperature regimes exhibited an abrupt one-time change in their phylochron interval for all temperatures; this occurred just before double-ridge formation. Their tillering rate followed closely the theoretical development predicted by Binet's equation during vegetative development.

Item #d91feb31

"Short- and Long-Term Inhibition of Respiratory Carbon Dioxide Efflux by Elevated Carbon Dioxide," J.A. Bunce (Plant Photobiol. Lab., USDA-ARS, Beltsville MD 20705), Ann. Bot., 65(6), 637-642, June 1990.

Whole plant CO₂ efflux rates, relative growth rates, net assimilation rates, leaf area ratios, and the ratio of respiration to photosynthesis were determined for recently fully expanded leaves and whole plants of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L., Glycine max (L.) Merr., and Lycopersicon exculentum Mill.

Item #d91feb32

"Carbon Dioxide and Water Level Effects on Yield and Water Use of Winter Wheat," U.N. Chaudhuri, M.B. Kirkham (Dept. Agron., Kansas State Univ., Manhattan KS 66506), E.T. Kanemasu, Agron. J., 82(3), 637-641, May-June 1990.

Grew cultivar Newton under ambient and elevated CO₂ levels and at low and high water levels. Overall, the water requirement of wheat was reduced by about 30% by elevated (1.4 times ambient) levels of CO₂.

Item #d91feb33

"The Direct Effects of Increase in the Global Atmospheric CO₂ Concentration on Natural and Commercial Temperate Trees and Forests," D. Eamus, P.G. Jarvis, Adv. Ecol. Res., 19, 1-47, 1989.

A review covering these scales: cellular; leaf and shoot; seedling, sapling, individual tree; plantation and woodland; forest and ecosystem. Assesses the impact of rising CO₂, and discusses photosynthesis and stomatal action, tree growth, stand processes and production, and forest and regional considerations.