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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 4, NUMBER 1, JANUARY 1991

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
STRATOSPHERIC OZONE AND MODELING

Item #d91jan71

"On the Relevance of OClO Photodissociation to the Destruction of Stratospheric Ozone," W.G. Lawrence (Dept. Chem., Univ. California, Irvine CA 92717), D.C. Clemitshaw, V.A. Apkarian, J. Geophys. Res., 95(B11), 18,591-18,595, Oct. 20, 1990. Determination of the quantum yield of the gas phase photodissociation of chlorine dioxide indicates it is too small to significantly perturb the stratospheric ozone budget.

Item #d91jan72

"Interpretation of Aircraft Measurements of NO, ClO, and O3 in the Lower Stratosphere," S.R. Kawa (Aeronomy Lab., NOAA, 325 Broadway, Boulder CO 80303), D.W. Fahey et al., ibid., 18,597-18,609.

NO and ClO increased after sunrise, consistent with photolysis of nighttime reservoirs. The derived values for NO2, ClONO2, and N₂O5 near midday are in good agreement with most previous measurements and model estimates. An estimate for the mixing ratio of HNO3 and the HNO3/NOy fraction are in good agreement with values from the ATMOS experiment.

Item #d91jan73

"Influence of Equatorial QBO and SST on Polar Total Ozone, and the 1990 Antarctic Ozone Hole," J.K. Angell (ARL, ERL, NOAA, 1325 East-West Hwy., Silver Spring MD 20910), Geophys. Res. Lett., 17(10), 1569-1572, Sep. 1990.

Found total-ozone variations at Resolute, Canada, (75° N) to be more closely related to the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation, while at the South Pole they were almost equally related to QBO and sea surface temperature. Based on previously observed relations, an even deeper Antarctic ozone hole in 1990 than in 1989, and an end to the biennial variation in depth of the hole of the last six years are expected.

Item #d91jan74

"Ozone Profile Measurements within, at the Edge of, and outside the Antarctic Polar Vortex in the Spring of 1988," T. Deshler (Dept. Phys., Univ. Wyoming, Laramie WY 82071), D.J. Hofmann, J.V. Hereford, J. Geophys. Res., 95(D7), 10,023-10,035, June 20, 1990.

Although the 1988 polar vortex did not remain over McMurdo as in 1986 or 1987, it persisted long enough to establish that ozone depletion was less extensive and ended earlier than in those years. There were nevertheless similarities: depletion was caused by a sink between 12 and 20 km, primary depletion was episodic, and ozone layering was observed at the vortex edge.

Item #d91jan75

"A Diagnostic for Denitrification in the Winter Polar Stratospheres," D.W. Fahey (NOAA/ARL, 325 Broadway R/E/AL6, Boulder CO 80303), S. Solomon et al., Nature, 345(6277), 698-702, June 21, 1990.

Investigates the nature of correlation between measurements of NOy and N₂O, which can indicate the potential for catalytic ozone destruction, using data from the Southern and Northern Hemispheres. Uses two-dimensional photochemical model simulations to establish a theoretical framework for the correlations observed. The approach can be extended to other pairs of molecules when comparing aircraft data to model simulations.

Item #d91jan76

"Polar Stratospheric Clouds and Ozone Depletion: Relevance of Extended in situ Observations," G.P. Gobbi (Inst. Fisica Atmos., CNR - CP 27, 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy), A. Adriani, M. Viterbini, Il Nuovo Cimento, 13(3), 599-616, May-June 1990. Describes balloon-borne observation of cloud particles (2-200 micron radius) with on-line TV images, planned for Aug.-Oct. 1990.

Item #d91jan77

"Photodissociation of Cl2O2 in the Spring Antarctic Lower Stratosphere," I.J. Eberstein (NASA/GSFC, Code 616, Greenbelt MD 20771), Geophys. Res. Lett., 17(6), 721-724, May 1990. Concludes that chlorine peroxide is likely to photodissociate in the visible wavelengths to give ClO radicals as primary products.

Item #d91jan78

"Two-Dimensional Atmospheric Transport and Chemistry Model: Numerical Experiments with a New Advection Algorithm," R.-L. Shia (Div. Geol. Sci., Calif. Inst. Technol., Pasadena CA 91125), Y.L. Ha et al., J. Geophys. Res., 95(D6), 7467-7483, May 20, 1990. The new algorithm is superior to a typical fourth-order finite difference scheme and faithfully preserves concentration profiles with essentially no numerical diffusion.

Item #d91jan79

"The Modelling Problems Associated with Spatial Averaging," J.A. Pyle (Dept. Phys. Chem., Univ. Cambridge, Lensfield Rd., Cambridge, U.K.), A.M. Zavody, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116(493), 753-766, Apr. 1990. Satellite data show that for reactions controlling the ozone budget, the resulting error from spatial averaging is not generally large. That errors could be more significant for species with strong vertical gradients or with variability on small scales could explain some modeling problems.

Item #d91jan80

"Atmospheric General Circulation Simulations with the BMRC Global Spectral Model: The Impact of Revised Physical Parameterizations," T.L. Hart (Bureau Meteor. Res. Ctr., GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia), J. Clim., 3(4), 436-459, Apr. 1990. The simulation of the polar night region of the stratosphere in January using a revised radiation code was much more realistic than earlier results.

Item #d91jan81

"Variations in Ozone Content and Temperature of the Middle Atmosphere as a Result of Anthropogenic Perturbations," I.G. Deminov (Novosibirsk Univ., Novosibirsk, USSR), E.I. Ginzburg, Izvestiya, Atmos. Ocean Phys., 25(6), 1989. See pp. 417-423, English edition, dated Jan. 1990.

A one-dimensional, nonsteady-state radiation and chemical model is used to evaluate changes between 0 and 55 km that could result from anthropogenic alteration of the concentrations of CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, NO2, CFCl3, CF2Cl2 and CCl4. The combined action of these trace gases is not additive, but results in considerably smaller variations in O3 content and temperature because of the interaction between radiative and photochemical processes. Presents projected variations through 2080.