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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 4, NUMBER 10, OCTOBER 1991

REPORTS...
GENERAL

Item #d91oct53

Energy Policies and the Greenhouse Effect. Volume Two: Country Studies and Technical Options, M. Grubb et al., 470 pp., 1991, £35. From Royal Inst. Intl. Affairs, 10 St. James's Sq., London SW1 4LE, U.K. (tel: +44-71-957-5700).

Presents technologies which can help reduce CO₂ emissions, methods used for cost assessments, and potential for and politics of CO₂ abatement. Although technical opportunities in the U.S. and U.K. are substantial, change will be difficult. Change in the Soviet Union hinges on success of economic reform; for India, international aid. Japan sees opportunity; China fears ruin.

Item #d91oct54

Working Paper No. 89: A Survey of the Costs of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions, 1991. From OECD, Dept. Econ., 2 rue A. Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France.

None of a survey of 13 macroeconomic studies showed an increase in GDP growth rates under an emissions-reduction scenario. Sharp reductions in CO₂ emissions would be more costly in the short term. Costs would be highest in developing countries.

Item #d91oct55

The Economic Effects of Restrictions on Coal and Petroleum Fuels in Stationary Uses, DRI/McGraw Hill (for U.S. Dept. Commerce), 196 pp., 1991, $23. Order No. PB91-182592 from NTIS, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield VA 22161 (703-487-4650).

Assumed a common, simultaneously implemented, multilateral strategy for all OECD countries. CO₂ emissions overall would actually increase by 17% over 1988 levels, but would be 9% below the 2010 base case level. Most or all countries would see real cumulative reductions in GNP/GDP and increases in unemployment. Costs per metric ton of carbon reduced would be substantial, but would vary widely among countries. Future work will examine the economic effects of carbon taxes.

Item #d91oct56

Keeping it Green: Tropical Forestry and the Mitigation of Global Warming, M.C. Trexler, 75 pp., 1991, $12.50. From World Resour. Inst., POB 4852, Hampden Sta., Baltimore MD 21211 (800-822-0504).

A literature review and consultation with experts for 54 countries shows a vast difference between the amount of land technically available for forestry projects and the realistic potential of these efforts to mitigate global warming.

Item #d91oct57

Aircraft Pollution: Environmental Impacts and Future Solutions, M. Barrett, 1991. Contact K. Reay, World Wide Fund for Nature, CH-1196, Gland, Switz. (tel: 41-22-649111).

CO₂ emissions, coupled with an indirect contribution from related NOx emissions, increases the world's known total greenhouse forcing by 5-40%. If current trends continue CO₂ emissions from aircraft are likely to double, and NOx emissions increase by 50% by 2020. See Intl. Environ. Rptr., p. 462, Aug. 28, 1991.