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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 6, NUMBER 2, FEBRUARY 1993

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
IMPACTS OF UV-B: PLANTS

Item #d93feb86

"Ultraviolet-B Radiation Effects on Growth and Physiology of Four Rice Cultivars," Q.J. Dai (Intl. Rice Res. Inst., POB 933, Manila 1099, Philippines), V.P. Coronel et al., Crop Sci., 32(5), 1269-1274, Sep.-Oct. 1992.

In addition to examining effects on the four cultivars, this study evaluated morphological and physiological parameters as indicators of genotype sensitivity in future screenings. Differential varietal responses were found in shoot dry weight, leaf area, specific leaf weight, net assimilation rate and relative growth rate, as well as in most physiological and biochemical parameters measured.

Item #d93feb87

"Action Spectrum for DNA Damage in Alfalfa Lowers Predicted Impact of Ozone Depletion,".

Item #d93feb88

"Optical Properties of the Epidermis of Leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) and Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) after Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation," J.S. Gislefoss (Kvithamar Res. Sta., N-7500 Stjordal, Norway), B. Kjeldstad, A.K. Bakken, Acta Agric. Scandinavica Section B--Soil & Plant Sci., 42(3), 173-176, Sep. 1992.

Exposure during the growth period increased extractable UV-absorbing pigments in the epidermis of leek, but not cabbage. The pigments produced were most likely flavonoids.

Item #d93feb89

"Physiological Sensitivity of Plants along an Elevational Gradient to UV-B Radiation," L.H. Ziska (Dept. Bot., Univ. Maryland, College Pk. MD 20742), A.H. Teramura, J.H. Sullivan, Amer. J. Bot., 79(8), 863-871, Aug. 1992.

Seeds from four plant pairs collected from contrasting elevations in Hawaii were grown in greenhouses under enhanced UV-B. Results suggest that plants growing in a naturally high UV-B environment may have mechanisms related to reproductive phenology and carbon uptake which maintain productivity under those conditions, and that changes in natural plant populations are possible under continued ozone depletion.

Item #d93feb90

"Variation in UV-B Sensitivity in Plants from a 3,000-m Elevational Gradient in Hawaii," J.H. Sullivan (addr. immed. above), A.H. Teramura, L.H. Ziska, ibid., 79(7), 737-743, July 1992.

Seedlings grown for 12 weeks under varying UV-B levels showed lower sensitivity for the seeds collected at higher elevations. Of 33 species, UV-B biomass was reduced in eight and increased in four. Results show that the sensitivity of natural plant populations varies widely and depends on the ambient UV-B environment.

Item #d93feb91

"Furanocoumarin Content and Phototoxicity of Rough Lemon (Citrus jambhiri) Foliage Exposed to Enhanced Ultraviolet-B (UVB) Radiation," E.S. McCloud (Dept. Entomol., Univ. Illinois, Urbana IL 61801), M.R. Berenbaum, R.W. Tuveson, J. Chem. Ecol., 18(7), 1125-1137, July 1992.

Bacterial phototoxicity and furanocoumarin content were determined in extracts made from cuttings grown under enhanced UV for 95 days. UV-B treatment did not alter the overall level of furanocoumarins, but did increase the ratio of psoralen to bergapten. Bacterial photoxicity paralleled the distribution of furanocoumarin content.

Item #d93feb92

"CO₂ Enhancement of Growth and Photosynthesis in Rice (Oryza sativa)--Modification by Increased Ultraviolet-B Radiation," (see Impacts of CO₂ section).