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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 6, NUMBER 11, NOVEMBER 1993

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
CLIMATE SYSTEM MECHANISMS

Item #d93nov8

"Comment on 'Greenhouse Cooling of the Upper Atmosphere,' " Eos, 483-484, Oct. 19, 1993.

Item #d93nov9

"An Arctic Source for the Great Salinity Anomaly: A Simulation of the Arctic Ice-Ocean System for 1955-1975," S. Häkkinen (Lab. Hydrospheric Sci., NASA-Goddard, Greenbelt MD 20771), J. Geophys. Res., 98(C9), 16,397-16,410, Sep. 15, 1993.

A fully prognostic ice-ocean model is used to study the interannual variability of the sea ice during the period. Results show the origin of the 1968 salinity anomaly to be in the Arctic, and support the view that the Arctic may play an active role in climate change.

Item #d93nov10

Two related items in Nature, 364(6439), Aug. 19, 1993:

"A Stirring Tale of Mixing," C. Garrett (Dept. Phys., Univ. Victoria, Victoria BC V8W 3P6, Can.), 670-671. Discusses the important implications of the following paper.

"Evidence for Slow Mixing Across the Pycnocline from an Open-Ocean Tracer-Release Experiment," J.R. Ledwell (Appl. Ocean Eng., Woods Hole Oceanog. Inst., Woods Hole MA 02543), A.J. Watson, 701-703. Measurements over a five-month period confirm accurately for the first time the low rate of mixing across equal density surfaces. This finding has important implications for the vertical transport of nutrients, heat, and tracer substances.

Item #d93nov11

"Convective Cloud Systems and Warm-Pool Sea Surface Temperatures: Coupled Interactions and Self Regulation," D.E. Waliser (Dept. Atmos. Sci., Univ. California, Los Angeles CA 90024), N.E. Graham, J. Geophys. Res., 98(D7), 12,881-12,893, July 20, 1993.

Several findings on the relationship between organized deep convection in the tropics and SST's, combined with simplified model analyses, emphasize the importance of the cooling mechanisms associated with deep convection in determining the observed upper limits on sea temperatures.

Item #d93nov12

"Variations in Snow on Sea Ice: A Mechanism for Producing Climate Variations," T.S. Ledley (Dept. Space Phys., Rice Univ., POB 1892, Houston TX 77251), ibid., 98(D6), 10,401-10,410, June 20, 1993.

Studies the impact of various snowfall rates on sea ice thickness and subsequent impacts on climate, using a coupled climate sea ice model. The general effect of a thin layer of snow is to thin sea ice; snow also cools the climate system.

Item #d93nov13

Correspondence on the cirrus thermostat mechanism proposed by Ramanathan and Collins, Nature, 361(6411), 410-412, Feb. 4, 1993.

Item #d93nov14

"Empirical Linkages Between Arctic Sea Ice Extents and Northern Hemisphere Mid-Latitude Column Ozone Levels," J.R. Marko (Arctic Sci. Ltd.), D.B. Fissel, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(1), 37-40, Jan. 8, 1993. The observed correlations are discussed in terms of underlying mechanisms and recently decreasing hemispheric ozone levels.

Item #d93nov15

Two related items from Nature, 360(6399), Nov. 5, 1992:

"Global Warming, Ocean Cooling," A. Clarke (Bedford Inst. Oceanog., POB 1006, Dartmouth NS B2Y 4A2, Can.), 17-18. Discusses implications of the following paper for understanding the role of the North Atlantic in climate variability.

"Cooling and Freshening of the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean since the 1960s," J.F. Read (Inst. Oceanog. Sci., Deacon Lab., Brook Rd., Wormley, Surrey GU8 5UB, UK), W.J. Gould, 55-57. The cooling and freshening observed in 1991 appears to be caused by renewed formation of intermediate water in the Labrador Sea.