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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 7, NUMBER 4, APRIL 1994

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...

• STRATOSPHERIC OZONE: TRENDS

Item #d94apr75

"Seasonal Trend Analysis of Published Ground-Based and TOMS Total Ozone Data Through 1991," G.C. Reinsel (Dept. Stat., Univ. Wisconsin, Madison WI 53706), G.C. Tiao et al., J. Geophys. Res., 99(D3), 5449-5464, Mar. 20, 1994.

Data for 1964-1991 show negative trends at higher northern latitudes in winter and spring and at higher southern latitudes in all seasons, and a trend near zero in all seasons at latitudes of 30·S-30·N.

Item #d94apr76

"Low Ozone Amounts During 1992-1993 from Nimbus 7 and Meteor 3 Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometers," J.R. Herman (Lab. Atmos., NASA-Goddard, Greenbelt MD 20771), D. Larko, ibid., 99(D2), 3483-3496, Feb. 20, 1994.

There has been a nearly linear decrease in global ozone from 1979 to 1991, ranging from no change at the equator, to decreases per decade of 4-6% at midlatitudes and 10-12% at higher latitudes.

Item #d94apr77

"Northern Hemisphere Total Ozone Values from 1989-1993 Determined with the NOAA-11 Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV/2) Instrument," W.G. Planet (Satellite Res. Lab., NESDIS, Washington DC 20233), Geophys. Res. Lett., 21(3), 205-208, Feb. 1, 1994.

Total ozone showed a decrease from the interval average from summer 1992 into 1993, and returned to more normal levels in late 1993.

Item #d94apr78

"Global Trends and Annual Releases of CCl3F and CCl2F2 Estimated from ALE/GAGE and Other Measurements from July 1978 to June 1991," D.M. Cunnold (Sch. Earth & Atmos. Sci., Georgia Inst. Technol., Atlanta GA 30332), P.J. Fraser et al., J. Geophys. Res., 99(D1), 1107-1126, Jan. 20, 1994.

For 1978-1988, average rates of increase in the lower troposphere were 9.2 ppt/yr for CCl3F and 17.3 ppt/yr for CCl2F2. These rates used in a 2-D model indicate that global releases in 1990 were 249 ± 28 x 106 kg for CCl3F and 366 ± 30 x 106 kg for CCl2F2.

Item #d94apr79

Two items from Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(24), Dec. 23, 1993:

"Trends in Total Ozone over Southern African Stations Between 1979 and 1991," S. Kalicharran (Dept. Geog. & Environ. Sci., Univ. Natal, Durban, S. Africa), R.D. Diab, F. Sokolic, 2877-2880. TOMS data at most stations showed a decrease in total ozone over the period, ranging between -1.1% and -2.6% over most of the country of South Africa.

"Total Ozone Trends over Low Latitude Indian Stations," N. Kundu (Natl. Phys. Lab., New Delhi 110012, India), M. Jain, 2881-2883. Statistical analysis applied to Dobson data showed a small positive trend near the equator from 1965 to 1991, decreasing to negative values at higher latitudes.

Item #d94apr80

"Total Ozone Variations at Reykjavík Since 1957," G.G. Bjarnason (Sci. Inst., Univ. Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavík, Iceland), Ö.E. Rögnvaldsson et al., J. Geophys. Res., 98(D12), 23,059-23,077, Dec. 20, 1993.

Comparison of Dobson data obtained at Reykjavík with zonally averaged TOMS data at this latitude suggests a significant longitudinal dependence of the linear trends in stratospheric ozone.

Item #d94apr81

"Ozone Depletion at Northern and Southern Latitudes Derived from January 1979 to December 1991 Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer Data," J.R. Herman (Lab. Atmos., NASA-Goddard, Greenbelt MD 20771), ibid., 98(D7), 12,783-12,793, July 20.

In both hemispheres ozone decreased at latitudes above 30· more than predicted by homogeneous chemistry models; the largest decreases occurred in the Southern Hemisphere during winter and spring. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo was the only volcanic activity that affected stratospheric ozone during that period.