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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 7, NUMBER 4, APRIL 1994

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...

• OF GENERAL INTEREST: INTERNATIONAL POLICY

Item #d94apr3

"Financing the UNCED Agenda: The Controversy over Additionality," A. Jordan (Ctr. Social & Econ. Res. on Global Environ., Univ. E. Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK), Environment, 36(3), 16-20, 26-34, Apr. 1994.

Additionality, the provision of additional funds (not diversion of current aid) to developing countries to help avert climate change, ozone loss, and biodiversity loss, was a sore point at the Earth Summit. Nearly two years later, almost nothing is resolved.

Item #d94apr4

Two items from Intl. Environ. Affairs, 6(1), Winter 1994:

"Industrialized Countries and Greenhouse Gas Emissions," A.L. Fish Jr. (Argonne Natl. Lab., 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne IL 60439), D.W. South, 14-44. The governments of industrialized countries must develop national plans for compliance with the climate convention. This article reviews the economic, political and energy supply factors that affect the positions they have taken, which may differ from their previous intentions.

"Joint Implementation Under the Climate Change Convention," R. Loske (Wuppertal Inst. for Clim., Environ. & Energy, Germany), S. Oberthür, 45-58. Discusses the pros and cons of joint implementation projects, whereby industrialized countries can support abatement measures in developing countries. An intense debate exists over whether such projects should qualify for compliance with the climate convention. The authors conclude that the potential contribution of joint implementation is small, and it can only supplement the overall strategy on climate change.

Item #d94apr5

Two items from Global Environ. Change, 3(4), Dec. 1993:

"A Note on International Environmental Indices--Conceptual Developments and Empirical Applications," A.G. Hoare (Dept. Geography, Univ. Bristol, Univ. Rd., Bristol BS8 1SS, UK), 357-368. Extends a recent attempt to produce a composite environmental index for an individual nation to the international level, and applies the ideas using data from an international survey of environmental attitudes.

"Problems of Ratifying International Agreements--Overcoming Initial Obstacles in the Post-Agreement Negotiation Process," B.I. Spector (Ctr. Negotiation Analysis, Potomac, Md.), A.R. Korula, 369-381. Places ratification negotiations within the larger context of post-agreement negotiations, with the goal of explaining problems of treaty implementation, which are worse for multi-issue treaties. Makes recommendations.

Item #d94apr6

Two items from ibid., 3(3), Sep. 1993:

"The Making of the Global Environmental Facility--An Actor's Perspective," L. Gan (Ctr. Sci. & Intl. Affairs, JFK Sch. Govt., Harvard Univ., Cambridge MA 02138), 256-275. Reviews recent policy development concerning international assistance on environmental problems through the emerging Global Environment Facility (GEF). Emphasizes the influence of various social groups on the process, the roles of governmental and non-governmental organizations, and the response of the Chinese government to the GEF.

"Great Lakes Toxic Sediments and Climate Change," S.L. Rhodes (ESIG, NCAR, POB 3000, Boulder CO 80307), K.B. Wiley, 292-305. The prospect of declining lake levels from climate change challenges policy makers to ensure that long-term environmental policy to remediate toxic sediments is not in conflict with the potential regional hydrologic impacts of climate change.

Item #d94apr7

Three items from ibid., 3(2), June 1993:

"Development Based on Carrying Capacity--A Strategy for Environmental Protection," D.I. Carey (Kentucky Geol. Survey, 228 Mining & Mineral Resour. Bldg., Univ. Kentucky, Lexington KY 40506), 140-148. Development studies that have explicitly recognized carrying capacity have shown that this concept can be used to promote economic activities consistent with a sustainable social and physical environment.

"Estimating National Greenhouse Gas Emissions Under the Climate Change Convention," K. Brown (Ctr. Social & Econ. Res. on Global Environ., Univ. E. Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK), N. Adger, 149-158. The scope of national inventories will be critical to the success of the climate convention. This article explores the problems of defining and measuring aggregate greenhouse gas emissions in the U.K. The most difficult are those associated with land use and other "natural" phenomena.

"Conservation and Sequestration of Carbon--The Potential of Forest and Agroforest Management Practices," R.K. Dixon (ERL, US EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis OR 97333), J.K. Winjum, P.E. Schroeder, 159-173. A biological and economic analysis of forest establishment and management options from 94 nations reveals that forestation, agroforestry and silviculture could sequester one Petagram (Pg) of carbon annually over a 50-year period, and projects the required costs.