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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 7, NUMBER 7, JULY 1994

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS... OF GENERAL INTEREST: MITIGATION

Item #d94jul10

"Fossil Fuel and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Technologies," M. Steinberg (Dept. Appl. Sci., Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Upton NY 11973), Intl. J. Hydrogen Energy, 19(8), 659-665, Aug. 1994.

Assesses options such as improved energy utilization efficiency, fuel switching, non-fossil energy sources, and pre- and post-removal of CO2 from central power stations. Another option is pre-combustion conversion of fossil fuel to a carbon-rich fraction and a hydrogen-rich fraction, storing the former, and using only the latter. By co-processing with the biomass, the CO2 emission from fossil fuels can be reduced to negligible values.

Item #d94jul11

"Comparison of Radiative Forcing Impacts of the Use of Wood, Peat, and Fossil Fuels," I. Savolainen (Tech. Res. Ctr. Finland--VTT, POB 1606, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland), K. Hillebrand et al., World Resour. Rev., 6(2), 248-262, June 1994.

Radiative forcing impacts for CO2, methane and nitrous oxide are calculated as a function of time over the whole energy production chain and subsequent use of the wood- or peat-production site. Coal and conventional (non-cultivated) peat cause the greatest impact, while forest residues, planted stands and unused merchantable wood cause the least impact per unit of primary energy expended.

Item #d94jul12

"Global Warming Impact on the Cement and Aggregates Industries," J. Davidovits (Geopolymer Inst., Cordi-Géopolymère SA, 20 rue de la Fère, F-02100 St.-Quentin, France), World Resour. Rev., 6(2), 263-278, June 1994.

Each ton of ordinary Portland cement, used in the aggregates industries, adds about a ton of CO2 to the atmosphere. Stabilization of world CO2 emissions at 1990 levels is incompatible with the high needs for cement for development in the less industrialized countries, and a carbon tax could as much as double the price of cement. An alternative is to use novel geopolymeric poly(sialate-siloxo) cements, which would reduce CO2 production by the cement and aggregates industries by 80%.

Item #d94jul13

"Reducing Australian Energy Sector Greenhouse Gas Emissions," B.P. Jones (Australian Bur. Agric. & Resour. Econ.--ABARE, GPO Box 1563, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia), Z.-Y. Peng, B. Naughten, Energy Policy, 22(4), 270-286, Apr. 1994.

A detailed model analysis of the policy implications of reducing greenhouse gas emissions shows that the target adopted by the Australian government can be met, but only with substantial change in the energy sector, at a substantial cost. These changes, especially in electricity generation and the use of renewable resources, have important macroeconomic implications.