Archives of the
Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

"The Gateway for Terrestrial Material Entering the Ocean," C.A. Nittrouer (Marine Sci. Res. Ctr., State Univ. of New York, Stoney Brook NY 11794), G.J. Brunskill, Eos, 75(16), 191-192, Apr. 19, 1994.

Summarizes a joint Australian-U.S. workshop on oceanic organic input from wet tropical regions.

"Coastal Metabolism and the Oceanic Organic Carbon Balance," S.V. Smith (Dept. Oceanog., Univ. Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii), J.T. Hollibaugh, Rev. Geophys., 31(1), 75-89, Feb. 1993.

Organic metabolism in the ocean is a source of CO2 release to the atmosphere. The coastal ocean accounts for about 30% of the total and is especially important because it is likely to be influenced by anthropogenic activity.

"Distributions of Phytoplankton Blooms in the Southern Ocean," C.W. Sullivan (Off. Polar Prog., Natl. Sci. Found., 4201 Wilson Blvd., Arlington VA 22230), K.R. Arrigo et al., Science, 262(5141), 1832-1837, Dec. 17, 1993.

Examines the validity of satellite-derived pigment distributions by comparing historical pigment concentrations from the Coastal Zone Color Scanner with in situ measurements from the ocean. Also discusses bloom patterns relative to geophysical and ecological features.

Two items from Nature, 362(6415), Mar. 4, 1993:

"Measures of Productivity," E. Boyle (Dept. Atmos. & Planetary Sci., Mass. Inst. Technol., Cambridge MA 02139), 21-22. Discusses results based on a new method of plankton productivity (next paper) and discusses implications for the relation between glacial cycles and the carbon cycle.

"231Pa/230Th Ratios in Sediments as a Proxy for Past Changes in Southern Ocean Productivity," N. Kumar (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observ., Palisades NY 10964), R. Gwiazda et al., 45-48. Describes a technique that can assess changes in Antarctic productivity, but avoids limitations of other techniques.

Special issue: "JGOFS: The North Atlantic Bloom Experiment," Deep-Sea Res. II, 40(1-2), 1993 (Pergamon Press). Includes the following, and 33 other papers.

"Introduction to the JGOFS North Atlantic Bloom Experiment," H.W. Ducklow (Horn Pt. Environ. Lab., Univ. Maryland CEES, POB 775, Cambridge MD 21613), R.P. Harris, 1-8. The papers report on initial results from the 1989-1990 multi-national Joint Global Ocean Flux Study.

SPECIALIZED PAPERS

Special section: "Ocean Color from Space: A Coastal Zone Color Scanner Retrospective," J. Geophys. Res., 99(C4), Apr. 15, 1994. Includes 20 papers.

"Evaluation of Bio-Optical Algorithms to Remotely Sense Marine Primary Production from Space," B. Berthelot (Scripps Inst. Oceanog., La Jolla CA 92093), P.-Y. Deschamps, ibid., 7979-7989.

Five items from Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 8(1), Mar. 1994:

"Redfield Ratios of Remineralization Determined by Nutrient Data Analysis," L.A. Anderson (Div. Appl. Sci., Harvard Univ., Cambridge MA 02138), J.L. Sarmiento, 65-80.

"Uptake of Inorganic Carbon and Nitrate by Marine Plankton and the Redfield Ratio," K. Banse (Sch. Oceanog., Univ. Washington, Seattle WA 98195), 81-84.

"Variations of Marine Plankton Ù13C with Latitude, Temperature, and Dissolved CO2 in the World Ocean," R. Goericke (Scripps Inst. Oceanog., La Jolla CA 92093), B. Fry, 85-90.

"Carbon Isotope Fractionation by Marine Phytoplankton in Culture: The Effects of CO2 Concentration, pH, Temperature, and Species," K.R. Hinga (Grad. Sch. Oceanog., Univ. Rhode Island, Narragansett RI 02882), M.A. Arthur et al., 91-102.

"Sedimentary Nitrogen Isotopic Ratio as a Recorder for Surface Ocean Nitrate Utilization," M.A. Altabet (Woods Hole Oceanog. Inst., Woods Hole MA 02543), R. Francois, 103-116.

"The Effect of Temporal Undersampling on Primary Production Estimates," J. Wiggert (Dept. Earth Sci., Univ. Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089), T. Dickey, T. Granata, J. Geophys. Res., 99(C2), 3361-3371, Feb. 15, 1994.

"The Distribution of Colloidal and Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Gulf of Mexico," L. Guo (Dept. Oceanog., Texas A&M Univ., 5007 Ave. U, Galveston TX 77551), C.H. Coleman Jr., P.H. Santschi, Marine Chem., 45(1-2), 105-119, Jan. 1994.

"A Siderophore from a Marine Bacterium with an Exceptional Ferric Ion Affinity Constant," R.T. Reid, . . A. Butler (Dept. Chem., Univ. Calif., Santa Barbara CA 93106), Nature, 366(6454), 455-458, Dec. 2, 1993.

Two items from Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7(4), Dec. 1993:

"Seasonal Variation of CO2 and Nutrients in the High-Latitude Surface Oceans: A Comparative Study," T. Takahashi (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observ., Palisades NY 10964), J. Olafsson et al., 843-878.

"A Biogeochemical Study of the Coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi, in the North Atlantic," P.M. Holligan (Plymouth Marine Lab., W. Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK), E. Fernández et al., 879-900.

"Discussion on "The Remote Sensing of Ocean Primary Productivity: Use of a New Data Compilation to Test Satellite Algorithms," J. Geophys. Res., 98(C9), 16,583-16,587, Sep. 15, 1993.

"Estimators of Primary Production for Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Data on Ocean Color," T. Platt (Bedford Inst. Oceanog., Box 1006, Dartmouth NS B2Y 4H2, Can.), S. Sathyendranath, ibid., 98(C8), 14,561-14576, Aug. 15, 1993.

Three items from Nature, 363(6431), June 24, 1993:

"The Rise and Fall of Rhizosolenia," T.L. Hayward (Marine Life Res. Group, Scripps Inst. Oceanog., La Jolla CA 92093), 675-676. Discusses the implications of the following paper.

"Nitrogen Transport by Vertically Migrating Diatom Mats in the North Pacific Ocean," T.A. Villareal (Environ. Sci. Prog., Univ. Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston MA 02125), M.A. Altabet, K. Culver-Rymsza, 709-712.

Discussion on Phytoplankton Growth and CO2, 678-679.

Two items from Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7(2), June 1993:

"Ecosystem Behavior at Bermuda Station "S" and Ocean Weather Station "India": A General Circulation Model and Observational Analysis," M.J.R. Fasham (Chilworth Res. Ctr., Southampton SO1 7NS, UK), J.L. Sarmiento et al., 379-415.

"A Seasonal Three-Dimensional Ecosystem Model of Nitrogen Cycling in the North Atlantic Euphotic Zone," J.L. Sarmiento (Prog. Atmos. & Ocean. Sci., Princeton Univ., Princeton NJ 08540), R.D. Slater et al., 417-450.

"Resistance to UV and Persulphate Oxidation of Dissolved Organic Carbon Produced by Selected Marine Phytoplankton," J.J. Ridal (Atmos. Environ. Serv., POB 5050, Burlington ON L7N 4A6, Can.), R.M. Moore, Marine Chem., 42(3-4), 167-188, June 1993.

"Episodic Inputs of Atmospheric Nitrogen to the Sargasso Sea: Contributions to New Production and Phytoplankton Blooms," A.F. Michaels (Bermuda Biol. Sta., 17 Biol. Sta. La., Ferry Reach GE01, Bermuda), D.A. Siegel et al., Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7(2), 339-352, June 1993.

"Photoreduction of Iron(III) in Marine Mineral Aerosol Solutions," X. Zhu (Div. Marine & Atmos. Chem., Univ. Miami, Miami FL (RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy., Miami FL 33149), J.M. Prospero et al., J. Geophys. Res., 98(D5), 9039-9046, May 20, 1993.

Two items from Nature, 363(2426), May 20, 1993:

"Carbon Overconsumption," J.R. Toggweiler (GFDL, Princeton Univ., POB 308, Princeton NJ 08542), 210-211. Discusses implications of the following article.

"Elevated Consumption of Carbon Relative to Nitrogen in the Surface Ocean," R.N. Sambrotto (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observ., Palisades NY 10964), G. Savidge et al., 248-250.

"Spring Blooms and Stratification," H.C. Ellertsen (Norwegian Coll. Fish. Sci., Univ. Tromso, N-9000 Tromso, Nor.), ibid., 363(6424), 24, May 6, 1993.

"Interaction of Iron and Major Nutrients Controls Phytoplankton Growth and Species Composition in the Tropical North Pacific Ocean," G.R. DiTullio (Grad. Prog. Ecol., 108 Hoskins, Univ. Tennessee, Knoxville TN 37966), D.A. Hutchins, K.W. Bruland, Limnol. Oceanog.,38(3), 495-508, May 1993.

"Interactions Between Biological and Physical Processes in Arctic Seas: Investigations Using Numerical Models," W.O. Smith Jr. (addr. immed. above), H.J. Niebauer, Rev. Geophys., 31(2), 189-209, May 1993. (Review.)

Discussion on open-ocean phytoplankton productivity and the oceans as a sink for anthropogenic CO2, Nature, 362(6423), 795-796, Apr. 29, 1993.

"Seasonal and Diel Variation in the Open Ocean Concentration of Marine Snow Aggregates," R.S. Lampitt (Inst. Oceanog. Sci., Wormley, Godalming, Surrey GU8 5UB, UK), W.R. Hillier, P.G. Challenor, ibid., 362(6422), 737-739, Apr. 22, 1993.

"A High-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation Method for the Determination of Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon and Its Comparison with the UV Photo-Oxidation Method," W. Chen (Dept. Oceanog., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax NS B3H 4J1, Can.), P.J. Wangersky, Marine Chem., 42(2), 95-106, Apr. 1993.

"Nitrogen Uptake and New Production in the Greenland Sea: The Spring Phaeocystis Bloom," W.O. Smith Jr. (Grad. Prog. Ecol., Univ. Tennessee, Knoxville TN 37996), J. Geophys. Res., 98(C3), 4681-4688, Mar. 15, 1993.

Two items from Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7(1), Mar. 1993:

"Annual Cycles of Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Concentrations in the Global Ocean: A Satellite View," J.A. Yoder (Grad. Sch. Oceanog., Univ. Rhode Island, Narragansett RI 02882), C.R. McClain et al., 181-194.

"Iron Fertilization of the Austral Ocean: The Hamburg Model Assessment," K.D. Kurz (M. Planck Inst. Meteor., D-2000 Hamburg 13, Ger.), E. Maierreimer, 229-244.

"Interactions Between Hydrodynamics and Pelagic Ecosystems: Relevance to Resource Exploitation and Climate Change," L. Legendre (Dept. Biol., Univ. Laval, Quebec City PQ G1K 7P4, Can.), J. Lefevre, S. African J. Marine Sci., 12, 477-486, 1992.