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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 7, NUMBER 3, MARCH 1994

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...

• ENERGY TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS

Item #d94mar76

"Substitution of Information for Energy: Conceptual Background, Realities and Limits," X. Chen (IEPE, BP 47X, 38040 Grenoble Cedex 09, France), Energy Policy, 22(1), 15-27, Jan. 1994. Demonstrates the importance of the substitution and analyzes it in economic terms.

Item #d94mar77

"Primary Energy Sources for Hydrogen Production," K. Hassmann (Siemens AG, KWU F 4, Hammerbacher Str. 12+14, D-W-8520, Erlangen, Ger.), H.-M. Kühne, Intl. J. Hydrogen Energy, 18(8), 635-640, Aug. 1993.

The cost of hydrogen from water electrolysis without energy taxes is higher than that of fossil fuels including taxes. Hydrogen will not gain a significant market share without restrictions on fossil fuel consumption.

Item #d94mar78

"Herbaceous Biomass Feedstock Production: The Economic Potential and Impacts on US Agriculture," R.A. Reese (Dept. Econ., Iowa State Univ., Ames IA 50011), S.V. Aradhyula et al., Energy Policy, 21(7), 726-734, July 1993. A biomass crop industry could become commercially viable by 2030; the agricultural economy would benefit.

Item #d94mar79

"'Green' Energy from Sugar Cane," R. Boddey (EMBRAPA-CNPBS, Km 47, Seropédica, Itaguai, 23851-970 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), Chem. & Industry, 355-358, May 17, 1993.

Analysis shows that because most sugar cane in Brazil is harvested manually, this biofuel has a high ratio of energy produced to CO2 emissions.

Item #d94mar80

"Sunshine for Light in the Night," N. Williams (Solar Elec. Light Fund, 1739 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington DC 20009), K. Jacobson, H. Burris, Nature, 362(6422), 691-692, Apr. 22, 1993.

Photovoltaic solar-power systems are an answer to the demands for electricity in rural regions of developing countries.

Item #d94mar81

"Costs of Reducing CO2 Emissions by Means of Hydrogen Energy," P.A. Okken (Neth. Energy Res. Found., ECN, Petten, Neth.), Intl. J. Hydrogen Energy, 18(4), 319-323, Apr. 1993.

Discusses economic and technical issues for two options for producing hydrogen without CO2 emissions: electrolysis using CO2-free electricity, and natural gas reforming with CO2 disposal in depleted natural gas reservoirs.

Item #d94mar82

"How to Produce Hydrogen from Fossil Fuels Without CO2 Emission," N.Z. Muradov (Florida Solar Energy Ctr., 300 State Rd. 401, Cape Canaveral FL 32920), ibid., 18(3), 211-215, Mar. 1993.

Thermal or thermocatalytic decomposition of natural gas is a potential source of hydrogen that is technologically and economically viable. The carbon formed can be stored for eventual use as a petrochemical feedstock.

Item #d94mar83

Two items from World Resour. Rev., 4(4), 1992:

"Worldwide Role of Gas Turbine Power Generation with Biomass Fuels," J.T. Hamrick (Aerospace Res. Corp., 5454 Aerospace Rd., Roanoke VA 24014), 507-518. Presents information on the current commercial version of the biomass-fueled gas turbine, and discusses research needed to maximize the system's efficiency.

"Cool Storage Technology and Its Environmental Impact," B.B. Lindsay (Thermal Storage Appl. Res. Ctr., Univ. Wisconsin, Madison WI 53706), R.D. Wendland, S. Criswell, 395-405. Examines the energy implications of cool storage, a technology that will reduce the release of greenhouse gases by shifting air-conditioning load to off-peak periods.

Item #d94mar84

"Energy Analysis and CO2 Emission Evaluation of a Hydrogen Energy System for the Transportation System in Japan," K. Hiraoka (Ship Res. Inst., Min. Transport 6-38-1, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181, Japan), K. Watanabe et al., Intl. J. Energy, Environ., Econ., 2(2), 117-125, 1992.

Proposes that the transportation sector use hydrogen produced by electrolysis with solar photovoltaic cells on rafts in the South Pacific Ocean. The system could save 78% of the petroleum energy now consumed, and would suppress 80% of the CO2 emissions that the petroleum would release.

Specialized Papers

Item #d94mar85

"Fuel Substitution and Efficient Woodstoves: Are They the Answers to the Fuelwood Supply Problem in Northern Nigeria?" E.L. Hyman (Appropriate Technology Intl., 1331 H St. NW, S. 1200, Washington DC 20005), Environ. Mgmt., 18(1), 23-32, Jan.-Feb. 1994.