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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 8, NUMBER 1, JANUARY 1995

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
IMPACTS OF ULTRAVIOLET

Item #d95jan76

"Stratospheric Ozone Reduction, Solar UV-B Radiation and Terrestrial Ecosystems," M.M. Caldwell (Dept. Rangeland Resour., Utah State Univ., Logan UT 84322), S.D. Flint, Clim. Change, 28(4), 375-394, Dec. 1994.

Surveys and categorizes 300 papers from the past 20 years, drawing general conclusions and offering recommendations with respect to ecosystem consequences. Notes that extrapolation from studies with isolated plants to ecosystem function is very tenuous.

Item #d95jan77

"Estimate of the Wavelength Dependency of Ultraviolet Carcinogenesis in Humans and Its Relevance to the Risk Assessment of a Stratospheric Ozone Depletion," F.R. de Gruijl, J.C. Van der Leun (Dermatology, Univ. Hospital Utrecht, POB 85500, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Neth.), Health Phys., 67(4), 319-325, Oct. 1994.

The carcinogenic action spectrum results in small adjustments to earlier estimates of the effects of stratospheric ozone depletion on skin cancer incidence.

Item #d95jan78

"UV-B-Induced Increase in Specific Leaf Weight of Cucumber as a Consequence of Increased Starch Content," S.J. Britz (ARS, USDA, Bldg. 046A, BARC-West, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville MD 20705), P. Adamse, Photochem. & Photobiol., 60(2), 116-119, Aug. 1994.

Up to 80% of the UV-generated change in specific leaf weight in a 50% expanded leaf was caused by accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates, especially starch.

Item #d95jan79

"Ecosystem Response to Solar Ultraviolet-B Radiation: Influence of Trophic-Level Interactions," M.L. Bothwell, D.M.J. Sherbot, C.M. Pollock, Science, 265(5168), 97-100, July 1, 1994. (See Global Climate Change Digest, July 1994.)

Item #d95jan80

"Chloroplast Ultrastructure Changes in Pisum sativum Associated with Supplementary Ultraviolet (UV-B) Radiation," J. He (Dept. Botany, Natl. Univ. Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Rd., Singapore 0511), L.-K. Huang, M.I. Whitecross, Plant, Cell & Environ., 17(6), 771-775, June 1994.

Supplementary UV-B radiation damaged the chloroplast structure of pea plants. The higher concentration of starch in these plants is probably due to its immobilization, rather than to any increase in starch synthesis.

Item #d95jan81

"Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Between 1979 and 1992: Implications for Biologically Active Ultraviolet-B Radiation and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Incidence," S. Madronich (NCAR, POB 3000, Boulder CO 80307), F.R. de Gruijl, Photochem. & Photobiol., 59(5), 541-546, May 1994.

Analysis of satellite-based O3 measurements showed that surface UV-B levels increased at all latitudes except the tropics. Dose-response relationships derived from epidemiological data can be combined with UV-B data to estimate the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of expected increases in basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers.

Item #d95jan82

"Skin Cancer and UV Radiation," S. Madronich (NCAR, POB 3000, Boulder CO 80307), F.R. de Gruijl, Nature, 366(6450), 23, Nov. 4, 1993. (See Global Climate Change Digest, Feb. 1994)