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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 8, NUMBER 7, JULY 1995

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
MARINE PRODUCTIVITY AND FERTILIZATION

Item #d95jul64

"Reduction of Fe(III) with Sulfite in Natural Waters," F.J. Millero (Rosenstiel Sch. Mar. & Atmos. Sci., Univ. Miami, Miami FL 33149), M. Gonzalez-Davila, J.M. Santana-Casiano, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D4), 7235-7244, Apr. 20, 1995.

Measures reduction rates of nanomolar levels of Fe(III) by S(IV) in the absence of oxygen as a function of ionic strength and composition. The rates of reduction in acidic water droplets at natural levels of S(IV) may be an important source of Fe(II).

Item #d95jul65

"Importance of Iron for Plankton Blooms and Carbon Dioxide Drawdown in the Southern Ocean," H.J.W. de Baar (Netherlands Inst. Sea Res., POB 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Neth.), J.T.M. de Jong et al., Nature, 373(6513), 412-415, Feb. 2, 1995.

Tests iron as a limiting nutrient for plankton productivity by looking at natural levels of productivity in regions of the ocean with differing iron abundance. Iron availability appears to be the critical factor in allowing blooms to occur.

Item #d95jul66

"Ecosystem Changes in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre Attributed to the 1991-92 El Niño," D.M. Karl (SOEST, Dept. Oceanog., Univ. Hawaii, Honolulu HI 96822), R. Letelier et al., ibid., 373(6511), 230-234, Jan. 19, 1995.

Presents evidence of a major change in the structure and productivity of the pelagic ecosystem, attributed to the 1991-1992 event. Decreased upper-ocean mixing and a change in circulation resulted in increased abundance and activity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and a shift from a primarily nitrogen-limited to a primarily phosphorus-limited habitat.

Item #d95jul67

Related articles in ibid., 372(6507), Dec. 8, 1994:

A comment by J.R. Toggweiler (GFDL, POB 308, Princeton NJ 08542) on the research implications of the following article, 505-506.

"Carbon-Cycle Imbalances in the Sargasso Sea," A.F. Michaels (Bermuda Biol. Sta. Res., Ferry Reach GEO1, Bermuda), N.R. Bates et al., 537-540. The decrease in carbon stocks from spring to autumn in the upper 150 m of the ocean is three times larger than the measured sum of biotic and abiotic fluxes out of this layer. This discrepancy can be explained either by failure to account for horizontal advection of carbon or by inaccuracies in the fluxes of sinking particles as measured using sediment traps.

Item #d95jul68

"Satellite Detection of Increased Cyanobacteria Blooms in the Baltic Sea: Natural Fluctuation of Ecosystem Change?" M. Kahru (Scripps Inst. Oceanog., La Jolla CA 92093), U. Horstmann, O. Rud, Ambio, 23(8), 469-472, Dec. 1994.

Data for 1982-1993 show that the total area covered by blooms has increased in the 1990s, reaching over 62,000 km in 1992. The cause of the increase is unknown.

Item #d95jul69

"Ocean-Atmosphere CO₂ Exchange: An Accessible Lab Simulation for Considering Biological Effects," D.A. Noever (NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr., ES-76, Huntsville AL 35812), H.C. Matsos et al., Clim. Change, 27(3), 299-320, July 1994.

Monitored the effects of atmospheric CO₂ on dense suspensions of bioconvecting microorganisms to study critical properties of the vertical migration of phytoplankton. The ability of such a biologically active suspension to detect atmospheric changes offers a unique method to quantify organism adjustment and vertical migration.

Specialized Papers

Item #d95jul70

"Modeling the Inorganic Phosphorus Cycle of the North Pacific Using an Adjoint Data Assimilation Model to Assess the Role of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus," R.J. Matear (Inst. Ocean Sci., POB 6000, Sidney BC V8L 4B2, Can.), G. Holloway, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 9(1), 101-119, Mar. 1995.

Item #d95jul71

Comments on growth limits on phytoplankton, Nature, 373(6509), 28, Jan. 5, 1995.