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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999

FROM VOLUME 8, NUMBER 3, MARCH 1995

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
MITIGATION STRATEGIES

Item #d95mar15

"Solar-Hydrogen Electricity Generation in the Context of Global CO₂ Emission Reduction," L.D.D. Harvey (Dept. Geog., Univ. Toronto, 100 St. George St., Toronto ON M5S 1A1, Can.), Clim. Change, 29(1), 53-89, Jan. 1995.

Compares relative costs of solar-hydrogen, a solar-fossil fuel hybrid, and advanced fossil fuel generation, and determines the differences in CO₂ emissions. The global warming effect of solar-hydrogen from leakage of hydrogen is similar to that of a natural gas-solar hybrid system after one year, but about 1% of the impact of the hybrid system on a 100-year time scale. Impacts on stratospheric ozone are likely to be minuscule.

Item #d95mar16

"Carbon Dioxide: Global Problem and Global Resource," K.A. Magrini (Natl. Renewable Energy Lab., 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden CO 80401), D. Boron, Chem. & Industry, 997-1000, Dec. 19, 1994.

A chemical and fuels industry, based entirely on CO₂ as a resource, would use less than 1% of total emissions. However, there would be environmental and economic incentives for CO₂-based industry, such as avoiding the use of toxic feedstocks, future CO₂ emissions and hazardous by-products.

Item #d95mar17

"Reforestation Trials in the Russian Far East [RFE]," R.F. Lowery (Intl. Reforestation, Weyerhaeuser Co., Tacoma WA 98477), I. Perevertailo, World Resour. Rev., 6(4), 477-489, Dec. 1994.

Seedlings, raised in the U.S. from RFE seeds and then planted in the RFE, survived and grew well at a wide range of sites, including a large-scale project. Given good logistical support and a well-trained work force, reforestation of burned and harvested areas in the RFE should be successful.

Item #d95mar18

"Technical Communication: The Temporal Decoupling of Energy Production from Fossil Fuels and the Emission of Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) into the Atmosphere," W. Seifritz (Chapfstr. 4, CH-5200 Windisch, Switz.), Intl. J. Hydrogen Energy, 19(11), 925-927, Nov. 1994.

Means of decoupling the instantaneous emission of CO₂ from energy production are: CO₂ disposal in exhausted oil and gas fields or in the deep ocean; or storage in terrestrial dry-ice domes or in aquifers. If these means are feasible and costs are tolerable, a decarbonized hydrogen economy may be possible for the next 50-100 years without harnessing new carbon-free primary energy sources.

Item #d95mar19

"The Effectiveness of Marine CO₂ Disposal," H.S. Kheshgi (Corporate Res., Exxon Res. & Eng. Co., Annandale NJ 08801), B.P. Flannery et al., Energy, 19(9), 967-974, Sep. 1994.

Compares the time trends of atmospheric CO₂ concentration for fossil fuel production with and without deep marine disposal of CO₂. Because CO₂ collection and disposal consumes energy and produces extra CO₂, some of which reaches the atmosphere, atmospheric concentrations from systems with marine disposal ultimately exceed those from systems without it. Global Warming Potential comparisons highlight the issue of determining what time scales are important when considering options to reduce global warming.

Item #d95mar20

"Projected Impact of Deep Ocean Carbon Dioxide Discharge on Atmospheric CO₂ Concentrations," G.C. Nihous (Pacific Intl. Ctr. High Technol. Res., Honolulu, HI 96822), S.M. Masutani et al., Clim. Change, 27(2), 225-244, June 1994.

For CO₂ direct removal measures to be effective, modeling results show that large fractions of anthropogenic CO₂ must be processed. Energy conservation is the most effective way to mitigate the greenhouse effect because it allows a delay in implementing new energy production alternatives.

Item #d95mar21

"Tradable Cumulative CO₂ Permits and Global Warming Control," R.F. Kosobud (Dept. Econ., Univ. Illinois, Chicago IL 60680), T.A. Daly et al., Energy J., 15(2), 213-232, Apr. 1994.

Uses a price-sensitive global economic model linked to a climate change submodel to examine policy options for stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at low to moderate risk levels by 2100, as an alternative to current proposals to freeze emissions at their 1990 levels by 2000. Explores a policy that could stabilize induced climate change, provide for creation of international "property rights" in the stratosphere by means of tradable emission permits, and be more intertemporally cost-effective.