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Global Climate Change Digest
A Guide to Information on Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Depletion
Published July 1988 through June 1999
FROM VOLUME 11, NUMBER 3, MARCH 1998
PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS...
OZONE DEPLETION: Ozone Distribution and Trends
Item #d98mar53
 "Total Ozone
Trends at Sixteen NOAA/CMDL and Cooperative Dobson Spectrophotometer Observatories During
1979-1996," W.D. Komhyr (EN-SCI Corp., POB 3234, Boulder CO 80307; e-mail:
76353.551@compuserve.com), G.C. Reinsel et al.,Geophys. Res. Lett., 24(24),
3225-3228, Dec. 15, 1997.
Trends determined at five U.S. mainland midlatitude stations for winter, spring,
summer, fall and the entire year averaged -3.4, -4.9, -2.6, -1.9, and -3.3% per decade,
respectively. Comparison with an earlier period shows that this reflects a 6.7% decrease
since the mid-1960s. Results are also given for Antarctica and other locations.
Item #d98mar54
"Anomalously
Low Ozone over the Arctic," P.A. Newman (Code 916, NASA-Goddard, Greenbelt MD 20771;
e-mail: newman@notus.gsfc.nasa.gov), G.F. Gleason et al.,Geophys. Res. Lett., 24(22),
2689-2692, Nov. 15, 1997.
Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer measurements showed an extensive region of low column
densities near the north pole in March 1997, 30% lower than the March average for the
1979-1982 period.
Item #d98mar55
"Long-Term
Ozone Decline over the Canadian Arctic to Early 1997 from Ground-Based and Balloon
Observations," V.E. Fioletov (Atmos. Environ. Serv., 4905 Dufferin St., Downsview ON
M3H 5T4, Can.; e-mail: vitali.fioletov@ec.gc.ca), J.B. Kerr et al.,Geophys. Res. Lett.,
24(22), 2705-2708, Nov. 15, 1997.
Column ozone values over the High Arctic were as much as 45% below normal for some days
in March 1997. The vortex wind pattern was unusual then, and similar to the Antarctic
spring vortex.
Item #d98mar56
"Decadal
Evolution of Total Ozone Decline: Observations and Model Results," K. Tourpali (Lab.
Atmos. Phys., Aristotle Univ., POB 149, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece; e-mail:
frtourpali@ccf.auth.gr), X.X. Tie et al.,J. Geophys. Res., 102(D20),
23,955-23,962, Oct. 27, 1997.
Examines the rate of change in total ozone decline over both the Northern and Southern
Hemispheres for 1964-1993, with the aid of a 2-D chemical-transport model of the middle
atmosphere. Model calculations indicate that the ozone depletion at high latitudes in both
hemispheres is caused mainly by heterogeneous reactions on the surface of polar
stratospheric clouds, but losses at northern midlatitudes are related to sulfate aerosols.
Item #d98mar57
Three related items
in Nature, 389(6653), Oct. 1997:
"A Bad Winter for Arctic Ozone," R. Stolarski (Lab. Atmos., NASA-Goddard,
Greenbelt MD 20771), 788-789. Comments on the following two papers and on prospects for
predicting future ozone levels in the Arctic.
"Prolonged Stratospheric Ozone Loss in the 1995-96 Arctic Winter," M. Rex
(Wegener Inst. for Polar & Marine Res., POB 60 01 49, D-14401 Potsdam, Ger; e-mail:
mrex@awi.potsdam.de) N.R.P. Harris et al., 835-838. Reports the occurrence of the highest
recorded chemical ozone loss over the Arctic region. If the apparent cooling trend in the
Arctic stratosphere is real, more dramatic losses may occur in the future.
"Severe Chemical Ozone Loss in the Arctic During the Winter of 1995-96," R.
Müller (Forschungszentrum Jülich, Inst. Stratospheric Chem. ICG-1, 52425 Jülich, Ger.;
e-mail: ro.mueller@fz-juelich.de), P.J. Crutzen et al., 709-712. Uses the correlation
between CH4 and ozone in the Arctic polar vortex to discriminate between
changes in ozone concentration due to chemical and dynamical effects.
Item #d98mar58
"Midwinter
Start to Antarctic Ozone Depletion: Evidence from Observations and Models," H.K.
Roscoe (British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Rd., Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK;
e-mail: h.roscoe@bas.ac.uk), A.E. Jones, A.M. Lee,Science, 278(5335), 93-96,
Oct. 3, 1997.
New observations with an instrument that permits winter measurements of ozone, combined
with 3-D model calculations, show that the 1994 ozone depletion began in June at the
sunlit vortex edge, and became substantial by late July.
Item #d98mar59
"Observations
of the 1995 Ozone Hole over Punta Arenas, Chile," V.W.J.H. Kirchoff (Inst. Nacional
Pesquisas Espaciais, C.P. 515, 12201-970 Sao José dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil; e-mail:
kir@dir.inpe.br), Y. Sahai et al.,J. Geophys. Res., 102(D13), 16,109-16,120,
July 20, 1997.
Examines the appearance of the ozone hole over a populated area with more than 100,000
inhabitants. The strongest depletion over Punta Arenas in 1995 occurred on Oct. 13, when
the ozone column decreased from a "normal" value of about 325 Dobson units to
200.
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